Sunday, August 25, 2013

List of Causes of xerostomia ( Dry mouth)


More comprehensive list of causes of dry mouth
Iatrogenic causes: drugs
Atropine, atropinics and hyoscine
Antidepressants: tricyclic (e.g. amitriptyline, nortriptyline, clomipramine and dosulepin), selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (e.g. fluoxetine), lithium and someother antidepressants
Antihypertensives: may also cause a compositional change in saliva. α1 antagonists (e.g. terazosin and prazosin) and α2 agonists (e.g. clonidine) may reduce salivary flow. Beta blockers (e.g. atenolol, propranolol) reduce protein levels
Phenothiazines
Antihistamines
Antireflux agents, such as proton-pump inhibitors (e.g. omeprazole)
Opioids
Cytotoxic drugs
Retinoids
Bupropion
Others, such as:
Protease inhibitors
Didanosine
Diuretics
Ephedrine
Benzodiazepines
Interleukin-2

Other iatrogenic causes
Irradiation
External beam
Radioiodine
Graft-versus-host disease

Salivary gland disease
Salivary aplasia (agenesis)
Sjögren syndrome
Sarcoidosis
Parotidectomy
Cystic fibrosis
Ectodermal dysplasia
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Infections [HIV, hepatitis C, EBV, human T lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1)]
Other viruses
Autonomic cholinergic dysfunction

Dehydration

Psychogenic

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